Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Adults with Turner syndrome (TS) are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance with clinical guidelines (Bondy 2007) in measuring metabolic profiles in adults with TS.Methods: Case notes of patients attending a dedicated TS clinic were studied. Variables assessed included anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, fasting lipi...

A 35 year old gentleman with a history of 47 XXY Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) and previous orchidopexy presented to the endocrine service with a two-week history of left sided testicular pain. Examination revealed a tender left testicle. Testicular ultra-sound confirmed bilateral atrophic testes and a 5 mm hypoechoic lesion in the left upper pole. This patient presented with KS at the age of 15 years with gynaecomastia and elevated gonadotrophins. After urgent urological review a...

Turner Syndrome (TS) is a multi-systemic genetic condition in females caused by partial or complete deletion of one X chromosome. It affects approximately 25-50 per 100,000 live births. Recent data shows that up to 60% of patients with TS will experience recurrent otitis media and 30% will suffer permanent hearing impairment. International guidelines recommend audiometric screening at diagnosis, every three years in childhood and at least every five years in adulthood for TS p...

Introduction: SARS-CoV2 infection or vaccination against SARS-CoV2 has been linked to the onset or recurrence of Autoimmune and subacute thyroiditis resulting in thyroid dysfunction.Case: We describe a case of Thyroid eye disease temporally associated with SARS-CoV 2 infection in a 48 year old female with a one-year history of subclinical hypothyroidism without interval thyroid hormone replacement or SARS-CoV2 vaccination. Two months following PCR confir...

Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against CD52 licenced for the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). Thyroid dysfunction occurs in one third of patients, likely secondary to lymphocyte reconstitution.Case 1: A 36 year old female, treated with alemtuzumab 15 months prior, presented to antenatal clinic at 12 weeks gestation with symptoms of thyrotoxicosis. fT4 was 83.7 pmol/l (RR 12-22), TSH suppressed, TRAB positive. She w...

Introduction and methods: Despite advances in diabetes treatment, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains a significant cause of morbidity. We performed a 5-year retrospective analysis of DKA episodes (2004–2008). Results were compared with an earlier study (1997–2001).Results: Ninety-four episodes of DKA (defined as hyperglycaemia, ketosis and acidosis) were identified through Hospital Inpatient Enquiry (HIPE). Patients with Type 1 diabetes mellit...

A 54-year-old female presented with one week of weakness, fatigue, headache, worsening constipation, and general malaise. Background history included long-standing type 1 diabetes (glutamic acid decarboxylase positive), on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, end-stage diabetic nephropathy on haemodialysis and subclinical hypothyroidism. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed (adjusted calcium 2.82 mmol/l, phosphate 1.42 mmol/l, par...

GD following ART occurs rarely, in 3% of HIV-infected women1. It is suggested that CD4 cells increase in a biphasic pattern following ART initiation, with the expansion of naïve CD4 cells following months after the initial redistribution of memory CD4 cells from lymphoid tissue2. A 40-year-old Brazilian lady was diagnosed with HIV in late 2016 following admission with cryptococcal meningitis and salmonellosis, requiring treatment with anti-fungal age...

Iodine is a trace element required for thyroid hormone production. Requirements increase in pregnancy, when even mild deficiency may affect offspring neurocognitive development.The gold standard for assessing iodine status is population surveys of urinary iodine concentration (UIC). The WHO also suggests a population prevalence of >3% of TSH values > 5 mIU/L indicates deficiency. A recent UK survey of 700 teenage girls demonstrated ...

Iodine is a trace element required for thyroid hormone production. Requirements increase in pregnancy, when even mild deficiency may affect offspring neurocognitive development.The gold standard for assessing iodine status is population surveys of urinary iodine concentration (UIC). The WHO also suggests a population prevalence of >3% of TSH values > 5 mIU/L indicates deficiency. A recent UK survey of 700 teenage girls demonstrated ...